Bibliography

Alves et al., 2004
Alves, O., Balmaseda, M. A., Anderson, D. L. T., and Stockdale, T. N. (2004).
Sensitivity of dynamical seasonal forecasts to ocean initial condition.
Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 130:647-668.

Andersson et al., 1998
Andersson, E., Haseler, J., Undén, P., Courtier, P., G. Kelly, D. V., Brankovic, C., Cardinali, C., Gaffard, C., Hollingsworth, A., Jakob, C., Janssen, P., Klinker, E., A. Lanzinger, M. M., Rabier, F., Simmons, A., Strauss, B., Thépaut, J.-N., and Viterbo, P. (1998).
The ECMWF implementation of three dimensional variational assimilation (3D-Var). Part III: Experimental results.
Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 124:1831-1860.

Behringer et al., 1998
Behringer, D. W., Ji, M., and Leetmaa, A. (1998).
An improved coupled model for enso prediction and implications for ocean initialization. part i: The ocean data assimilation system.
Mon. Wea. Rev., 126:1013-1021.

Bennett et al., 1998
Bennett, A. F., Chua, B. S., Harrison, D. E., and McPhaden, M. J. (1998).
Generalized inversion of tropical atmosphere-ocean data and a coupled model of the tropical pacific.
J. Clim., 11:1768-1792.

Bennett and McIntosh, 1982
Bennett, A. F. and McIntosh, P. C. (1982).
Open ocean modeling as an inverse problem: tidal theory.
J. Phys. Oceanogr., 12:1004-1018.

Bloom et al., 1996
Bloom, S., Takacs, L., da Silva, A., and Ledvina, D. (1996).
Data assimilation using incremental analysis updates.
Mon. Wea. Rev., 124:1256-1271.

Bouttier, 1994
Bouttier, F. (1994).
Sur la prévision de la qualité des prévisions météorologiques.
PhD thesis, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.

Brasseur et al., 1999
Brasseur, P., Ballabrera-Poy, J., and Verron, J. (1999).
Assimilation of altimetric observations in a primitive equation model of the Gulf Stream using singular evolutive extented Kalman filter.
J. Mar. Sys., 22:269-294.

Burgers et al., 1998
Burgers, G., Leeuwen, P. J. V., and Evensen, G. (1998).
Analysis scheme in the ensemble kalman filter.
Mon. Wea. Rev., 126:1719-1724.

Carton et al., 1996
Carton, J. A., Giese, B. S., Cao, X., and Miller, L. (1996).
Impact of altimeter, thermistor, and expendable bathythermograph data on retrospective analyses of the tropical pacific ocean.
J. Geophys. Res., 101:14147-14159.

Cohn et al., 1998
Cohn, S. E., Silva, A. D., Guo, J., Sienkiewicz, M., and Lamich, D. (1998).
Assessing the effects of data selection with DAO i Physical-Space statistical analysis system.
Mon. Wea. Rev., 126:2913-2926.

Courtier et al., 1998
Courtier, P., Andersson, E., Heckley, W., Pailleux, J., Vasiljevic, D., Hamrud, M., Hollingsworth, A., Rabier, F., and Fisher, M. (1998).
The ECMWF implementation of three dimensional variational assimilation (3D-Var). Part I: Formulation.
Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 124:1783-1808.

Courtier et al., 1994
Courtier, P., Thépaut, J.-N., and Hollingsworth, A. (1994).
A strategy for operational implementation of 4D-Var, using an incremental approach.
Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 120:1367-1387.

Daley, 1991
Daley, R. (1991).
Atmospheric Data Analysis.
Cambridge University Press.

Deltel, 2002
Deltel, C. (2002).
Estimation du cycle saisonnier de l'Atlantique Sud par assimilation variationnelle de données in situ. Impact du contrôle optimal de l'hydrologie aux frontières ouvertes et des champs de forçage air-mer.
PhD thesis, Université de Bretagne Sud, Brest, France.

Derber, 1989
Derber, J. C. (1989).
A variational continuous assimilation technique.
Mon. Wea. Rev., 117:2437-2446.

Dimet and Talagrand, 1986
Dimet, F. X. L. and Talagrand, O. (1986).
Variational algorithms for analysis and assimilation of meteorological observations: Theoretical aspects.
Tellus, 38A:97-110.

Evensen, 1992
Evensen, G. (1992).
Using the extended Kalman filter with a multilayer quasi-geostrophic ocean model.
J. Geophys. Res., 97:831-835.

Evensen, 1994
Evensen, G. (1994).
Sequential data assimilation with non-linear quasi-geostrophic model using monte carlo methods to forecast error statistics.
J. Geophys. Res., 99:10143-10162.

Evensen, 2003
Evensen, G. (2003).
The ensemble kalman filter: theoretical formulation and practical implementation.
Ocean Dynamics, 53:343-367.

Fisher, 1998
Fisher, M. (1998).
Minimization algorithms for variational data assimilation.
In Seminar on Recent Developments in Numerical Methods for Atmospheric Modelling, pages 364-385. ECMWF.

Fisher, 1912
Fisher, R. A. (1912).
On an absolute criterion for fitting frequency curves.
Mess. Math., 41:155-160.

Fisher, 1925
Fisher, R. A. (1925).
Statistical Methods for Research Workers.
Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh.

Fu and Smith, 1996
Fu, L.-L. and Smith, R. D. (1996).
Global ocean circulation from satellite altimetry and high-resolution computer simulation.
Bull. Am. Met. Soc., 77:2625-26r326.

Fukumori and Malanotte-Rizzoli, 1995
Fukumori, I. and Malanotte-Rizzoli, P. (1995).
An approximate Kalman filter for ocean data assimilation: An example with idealized Gulf Stream model.
J. Geophys. Res., 100:6777-6793.

Gandin, 1963
Gandin, L. S. (1963).
Objective Analysis of Meteorological Fields.
Gidrometeorologich eskoe Izdatel 'sivo.

Gauthier et al., 1994
Gauthier, P., Courtier, P., and Moll, P. (1994).
Assimilation of simulated wind lidar with a Kalman filter.
Mon. Wea. Rev., 121:1803-1820.

Gelb, 1974
Gelb, A. (1974).
Applied Optimal Estimation.
Academic Press, New York.

Gent and McWilliams, 1990
Gent, P. R. and McWilliams, J. C. (1990).
Isopycnal mixing in ocean circulation models.
J. Phys. Oceanogr., 20:150-155.

Ghil et al., 1981
Ghil, M., Cohn, S., Tavanzis, J., Bube, K., and Isaacson, E. (1981).
Application of estimation theory to numerical weather prediction. Dynamic Meteorology: Data assimilation method.
Eds. L. Bengtsson, M. Ghil and E. Källen, Springer-Verlag.

Giering and Kaminski, 1998
Giering, R. and Kaminski, T. (1998).
Recipes for adjoint code construction.
ACM Trans. Mathematical Software, 4:437-474.

Greiner et al., 1998a
Greiner, E., Arnault, S., and Moliere, A. (1998a).
Twelve monthly experiments of 4D-Variational assimilation in the tropical Atlantic during 1987. Part I: Method and Statistical results.
Progress in Oceanography, 41:141-202.

Greiner et al., 1998b
Greiner, E., Arnault, S., and Moliere, A. (1998b).
Twelve monthly experiments of 4D-Variational assimilation in the tropical Atlantic during 1987. Part II: Oceanographic interpretation.
Progress in Oceanography, 41:203-247.

Greiner and Périgaud, 1998
Greiner, E. and Périgaud, C. (1998).
Assimilation of Geostat altimetric data in a non-linear reduced-gravity model of the Indian Ocean. Part I: Adjoint approach and model-data consistency.
J. Phys. Oceanogr., 24:1783-1804.

Griffies et al., 2000
Griffies, S. M., Böning, C., Bryan, F. O., Chassignet, E. P., Gerdes, R., Hasumi, H., Hirst, A., Treguier, A.-M., and Webb, D. (2000).
Developments in ocean climate modelling.
Ocean Modelling, 2:123-192.

Holland, 1989
Holland, W. R. (1989).
Altimeter data assimilation into ocean ciculation models - some preliminary results.
In Anderson, D. L. T. and Willebrand, J., editors, Oceanic Circulation Models: Combining Data and Dynamics, pages 203-232. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands.

Hollingsworth and Lönnberg, 1986
Hollingsworth, A. and Lönnberg, P. (1986).
The statistical structure of short-range forecast errors as determined from radiosonde data. part i: The wind field.
Tellus, 38A:111-136.

Holloway, 1992
Holloway, G. (1992).
Representing topographic stress for large-scale ocean models.
J. Phys. Oceanogr., 22:1033-1046.

Hoteit, 2001
Hoteit, I. (2001).
Efficient reduced Kalman filters for data assimilation in oceanography.
PhD thesis, Université Joseph-Fourier - Grenoble I - France.

Houtekamer and Mitchell, 1998
Houtekamer, P. L. and Mitchell, H. L. (1998).
Data assimilation using an ensemble Kalman filter technique.
Mon. Wea. Rev., 126:796-811.

Jazwinski, 1970
Jazwinski, A. H. (1970).
Stochastic Processes and Filtering Theory, volume 64 of Mathematics in science and engineering.
Academic Press (New-York).

Ji et al., 1998
Ji, M., Behringer, D. W., and Leetmaa, A. (1998).
An improved coupled model for enso prediction and implications for ocean initialization. part ii: The coupled model.
Mon. Wea. Rev., 126:1022-1034.

Ji and Leetmaa, 1997
Ji, M. and Leetmaa, A. (1997).
Impact of data assimilation on ocean initialization and el niño prediction.
Mon. Wea. Rev., 125:742-753.

Kalman, 1960
Kalman, R. E. (1960).
A new approach to linear filtering and prediction problems.
J. Bas. Eng., 82:35-45.

Kalman and Bucy, 1961
Kalman, R. E. and Bucy, R. S. (1961).
New results in linear filtering and prediction theory.
J. Bas. Eng., 83:95-107.

Koblinsky and Smith, 2001
Koblinsky, C. J. and Smith, N. R. (2001).
Observing the oceans in the $21^{th}$ century.
GODAE Project office bureau of Meteorology.

Kushner, 2003
Kushner, H. (2003).
Approximation to optimal nonlinear filters.
IEEE trans. Autom. Control, AC-12:546-556.

Large et al., 1994
Large, W. G., McWilliams, J. C., and Doney, S. C. (1994).
Oceanic vertical mixing: a review and a model with a nonlocal boundary layer parameterization.
Rev. Geophys., 32:363-403.

Lee et al., 2000
Lee, T., Boulanger, J. P., Fu, L. L., Foo, A., and Giering, R. (2000).
Data assimilation by a simple coupled ocean-atmosphere model: application to the 1997-98's El Niño.
J. Geophys. Res., 105(C11):26063-26088.

Lee and Marotzke, 1998
Lee, T. and Marotzke, J. (1998).
Seasonal cycle of meridional overturning and heat transport of the Indian Ocean.
J. Phys. Oceanogr., 28:923-943.

Leetmaa and Ji, 1989
Leetmaa, A. and Ji, M. (1989).
Operational hindcasting of the tropical pacific.
Dyn. Atmos. Oceans, 13:465-490.

Lions, 1968
Lions, J.-L. (1968).
Contrôle optimal de systèmes gouvernés par des équations aux dérivées partielles, volume 1.
DUNOD.

Lorenc, 1981
Lorenc, A. C. (1981).
A global three-dimensional multivariate statistical interpolation scheme.
Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 109:701-721.

Lorenc, 1986
Lorenc, A. C. (1986).
Analysis methods for numerical weather prediction.
Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 112:1177-1194.

Luong et al., 1998
Luong, B., Blum, J., and Verron, J. (1998).
A variational method for the resolution of data assimilation problem in oceanography.
Inverse problems, 14:979-997.

Miller, 1990
Miller, R. N. (1990).
Tropical data assimilation experiments with simulated data: The impact of the tropical ocean and global atmosphere thermal array for the ocean.
J. Geophys. Res., 95:11461-11482.

Moore, 1991
Moore, A. (1991).
Data assimilation in a quasi-geostrophic operational model of the Gulf Stream region using the adjoint method.
J. Phys. Oceanogr., 21:398-427.

Moore, 1986
Moore, A. M. (1986).
Data assimilation in ocean models.
PhD thesis, University of Oxford.

Parrish and C., 1992
Parrish, D. F. and C., J. C. D. J. (1992).
The national meteorological center's spectral statistical-interpolation analysis system.
Mon. Wea. Rev., 120:1747-1763.

Pham, 2001
Pham, D. T. (2001).
Stochastic methods for sequential data assimilation in strongly non-linear systems.
Mon. Wea. Rev., 129:1194-1207.

Pham et al., 1998
Pham, D. T., Verron, J., and Roubaud, M. C. (1998).
A singular evolutive extented kalman filter for data assimilation in oceanography.
J. Mar. Sys., 16:323-340.

Rabier et al., 2000
Rabier, F., Järvinen, H., Kilnder, E., Mahfouf, J.-F., and Simmons, A. (2000).
The ECMWF operational implementation of four-dimensional variational assimilation. part i: Experimental results with simplified physics.
Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 126:1143-1170.

Sasaki, 1955
Sasaki, Y. K. (1955).
A fundamental study of the numerical prediction based on the variational principle.
J. Met. Soc. Japan, 33:262-275.

Sasaki, 1958
Sasaki, Y. K. (1958).
An objective analysis based on the variational method.
J. Met. Soc. Japan, II(36):77-88.

Sasaki, 1970
Sasaki, Y. K. (1970).
Some basic formalisms in numerical variational analysis.
Mon. Wea. Rev., 98:875-883.

Segschneider et al., 2000
Segschneider, J., Anderson, D. L. T., and Stockdale, T. N. (2000).
Towards the use of altimetry for operational seasonal forecasting.
J. Clim., 13:3116-3138.

Shröter et al., 1993
Shröter, J., Seiler, U., and Wensel, M. (1993).
Variational Assimilation of Geosat Data into a Eddy-resolving Model of the Gulf Stream Extension Area.
J. Phys. Oceanogr., 23:925-953.

Smedstad and O'Brien, 1991
Smedstad, O. M. and O'Brien, J. J. (1991).
Variational data assimilation and parameter estimation in an equatorial pacific ocean model.
J. Phys. Oceanogr., 26:179-241.

Stammer et al., 2002
Stammer, D., Wunsch, C., Giering, R., Eckert, C., Heimbach, P., Marotze, J., Adcroft, A., Hill, N. C., and Marshall, J. (2002).
Global ocean circulation during 1992-1997, estimated from ocean observations and a general circulation model.
J. Geophys. Res., 107(C9):3118.

Stammer et al., 1997
Stammer, D., Wunsch, C., Giering, R., Zhang, Q., Marotze, J., and Hill, C. (1997).
The global ocean circulation estimation with TOPEX/POSEIDON altimetry and the MIT general circulation model.
Technical Report 49, Center for Global Change Science, Massachusett Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA.

Thacker and Long, 1988
Thacker, W. C. and Long, R. B. (1988).
Fitting dynamics to data.
J. Geophys. Res., 93:1227-1240.

Thépaut and Courtier, 1991
Thépaut, J. N. and Courtier, P. (1991).
Four dimensional variational data assimilation using the adjoint of a multilevel primitive equation model.
Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 117:1225-1254.

Thépaut et al., 1993
Thépaut, J. N., Hoffman, R., and Courtier, P. (1993).
Interaction of dynamic and observations in a four-dimensional variational assimilation.
Mon. Wea. Rev., 121:3393-3414.

Vidard, 2001
Vidard, P. A. (2001).
Vers une prise en compte des erreurs modèle en assimilation de données 4D-variationnelle. Application à un modèle réaliste d'océan.
PhD thesis, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France.

Vossepoel and Behringer, 2000
Vossepoel, F. C. and Behringer, D. W. (2000).
Impact of sea level assimilation on salinity variability in the western equatorial pacific.
J. Phys. Oceanogr., 30:1706-1721.

Weaver and Anderson, 1997
Weaver, A. T. and Anderson, D. L. T. (1997).
Variational assimilation of altimeter data in a multi-layer model of the tropical Pacific Ocean.
J. Phys. Oceanogr., 27:664-682.

Wiener, 1949
Wiener, N. (1949).
Extrapolation, Interpolation and Smoothing of Stationary Time Series with Engineering Applications.
MIT Press, Cambridge.

Xu, 1996
Xu, Q. (1996).
Generalized adjoint for physical processes with parametrized discontinuities. part I: Basic issues and heuristic examples.
J. Atmos. Sci., 53:1123-1142.

Zupanski, 1993
Zupanski, M. (1993).
Regional four-dimensional variational data assimilation in a quasi-operational forecasting environment.
Mon. Wea. Rev., 121:2396-2408.



Nicolas Daget 2007-11-16