Acoustic Power¶
Description¶
Compute the acoustic power in Watt across a surface \(S\) defined as
where \(\vec{I} = p' \vec{v'}\) is the acoustic intensity, with \(p'\) the acoustic pressure (or pressure fluctuation), \(\vec{v'}\) the velocity fluctuations, and \(\vec{n}\) the unit vector normal to the surface.
Compute also the Sound Power Level in dB and the Sound Pressure Level in dB.
Two formulations are considered:
For a plane acoustic wave as a duct mode, or a progressive acoustic wave at infinity in a stagnant uniform fluid, the component of the acoustic intensity in the direction of propagation is
\[I = p'^2/(\rho_0 c_0)\]with \(p'\) the acoustic pressure, \(\rho_0\) the density and \(c_0\) the sound speed at infinity.
It can be shown for a stagnant uniform fluid that \(I_x\) is given by
\[I_x = p'u'\]with \(u'\) the axial component of the velocity disturbances.
For homentropic non-uniform fluid, the acoustic intensity is expressed as
\[\vec{I} = \left( \frac{p'}{\rho_0} + \vec{v_0} \cdot \vec{v'} \right) \left( \rho_0 \vec{v'} + \rho' \vec{v_0} \right)\]with the mean velocity \(\vec{v_0} = (U_0,V_0,W_0)\) and the velocity disturbances \(\vec{v'} = (u',v',w')\).
Frequential formulations of previous definitions are also implemented to evaluate the contribution of each frequency to the total acoustic power.
For more details on aeroacoustics, you may refer to
Hirschberg, A. and Rienstra, S.W. “An Introduction to Aeroacoustics”, Instituut Wiskundige Dienstverlening (Eindhoven) (2004).
Parameters¶
- base:
Base The input base.
- base:
- dtype_in: str, default= ‘re’
If dtype_in is ‘re’, then the base is real. If dtype_in is in [‘mod/phi’, ‘im/re’], the base is complex (modulus/phase or imaginary/real part decomposition respectively). If the signal is complex, a suffix must be added to the name of the variable depending on the decomposition (_im and _re for im/re, _mod and _phi for mod/phi). If given, the phase must be expressed in radians.
- flow: str, default= ‘stagnant’
The state of the medium: ‘stagnant’ or ‘non-uniform’.
- variables: list(str)
The variable names.
- rho_ref: float, default= 1.18
The value of the ambient density. The default value is \(\rho=1.18\) kg/m3, i.e. for a medium at an ambient temperature and pressure of T=298 K and P=101325 Pa, respectively.
- c_ref: float, default= 346.0
The value of the ambient sound velocity, only for real data. The default value is c=346 m/s, i.e. for a medium at an ambient temperature of T=298 K.
- mach_ref: float, default= 0.0
Mach number.
Preconditions¶
Zones may be either structured or unstructured.
Stagnant uniform fluid:
the required variables is the mean square of the acoustic pressure fluctuation \(p'\), i.e. \(<p'p'>\)
the reference uniform density \(\rho_0\) and uniform sound velocity \(c_0\)
Homentropic non-uniform fluid:
the required variables are:
the mean velocity vector \(\vec{v_0} = (U_0,V_0,W_0)\)
the fluctuating velocity vector \(\vec{v'} = (u',v',w')\)
the mean density field \(\rho_0\)
the fluctuating pressure field \(p'\)
Postconditions¶
The output base contains a single zone with a single instant with 3 or 4 scalar variables depending on dtype_in:
“Power (Watt)”: the acoustic power (Watt)
or
“Power_re(Watt)”: the real part of the acoustic power (Watt)
“Power_im(Watt)”: the imaginary part of the acoustic power (Watt)
and
“Sound Power Level (dB)”: the Sound Power Level (dB)
“Sound Pressure Level (dB)”: the Sound Pressure Level (dB)
Example¶
import antares
myt = antares.Treatment('acousticpower')
myt['base'] = base
myt['dtype_in'] = 're'
myt['flow'] = 'stagnant'
myt['rho_ref'] = rho
myt['c_ref'] = c
power = myt.execute()